The earliest references to Minsk date to the 11th century (1067), when it was a provincial city within the principality of Polock. In 1242, Minsk became a part of the of Lithuania, and it received its town privileges in 1499. From 1569, it was a capital of the Minsk Voivodship in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. It was annexed by Russia in 1793, as a consequence of the 2nd Partation of Poland. From 1919–1991, Minsk was the capital of the Byelorussian Soviet Republic.
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